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© Cambridge University Library

The Perfection of Wisdom in Eight Thousand Lines

Manuscript

Cambridge University Library

India (the book) and Nepal (the covers)

Buddhism

Around 985 AD or some time after 1070 AD

This is a book made of palm leaves. Palm leaf was the most common writing material in ancient India.

What does it look like?

This is a book, consisting of 227 pages, (folios) made of palm leaves. Palm leaf was the most common writing material in ancient India. Typically, the folios are pierced in two places, because in ancient times, there were strings that passed through the holes and held the leaves together. The covers are made of wood and richly painted on the inner sides, with representations of the Buddha, his disciples and various gods and goddesses.

Five leaves are decorated, each with three miniatures representing deities and bodhisattva-s (“beings whose essence is enlightenment”). The latter are human beings, who have reached the ultimate truth and may enter nirvana, the state of final liberation according to Buddhism, but out of compassion, choose to remain on earth, in order to preach the Buddhist doctrine and save others. They were worshipped like gods, and the book itself was a cultic object.

Who are Bodhisattva-s?

Bodhisattva-s are “beings whose essence is enlightenment”. These human beings have reached the ultimate truth and may enter nirvana, the state of final liberation, according to Buddhism, but out of compassion choose to remain on earth, in order to preach the Buddhist doctrine and save others.

Are there links to current religious practices or a modern equivalent?

The A??as?hasrik?prajñ?p?ramit? is still considered to be one of the most important, sacred texts of Mahayana Buddhism, which is widely practised in Central and East Asia and has even spread to the West, in recent decades.

Where is it from, where is it now?

For details of how to visit the University Library, visit their website.

Resources

Websites

Cambridge Digital Library

The manuscript is accessible online in the Cambridge Digital Library, where a more detailed description is available


Dharma Dictionary

Tibetan-English Dictionary, Dharma Glossaries, and Resources Translation of The Perfection of Wisdom in 8,000 Lines.


BBC Bitesize

GCSE Religious Studies – Buddhism

Videos

India Unboxed: The Perfection of Wisdom

The ‘India Unboxed’ film series is part of a year-long celebration across the University and city of Cambridge, to mark the UK–India Year of Culture 2017. The full programme of events includes exhibitions, events, discussions, installations and digital interventions.

Books

Buddhism: A Very Short Introduction

Damien Keown 

2013, OUP

Resources